FemTech

  • Alfawzan, N., Christen, M. (2023). The future of FemTech ethics & privacy – a global perspective. BMC Medical Ethics, 24, 88. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12910-023-00976-z 
  • Almeida, T., Shipp, L., et al. (2022, Oct. 8). Bodies like yours: Enquiring data privacy in FemTech. NordiCHI ’22 Adjunct: Adjunct Proceedings of the 2022 Nordic Human-Computer Interaction Conference, Article 54, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1145/3547522.354767 
  • Amelang, K. (2022). (Not) safe to use: Insecurities in everyday data practices with period-tracking apps. In A. Hepp, J. Jarke, & L. Kramp. (Eds.), New perspectives in critical data studies. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96180-0_13 
  • Balfour, L.A. (2023). FemTech: Intersectional interventions in women’s digital health. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Carter, S.M., Rogers, W., et al. (2020, Feb.). The ethical, legal and social implications of using artificial intelligence systems in breast cancer care. The Breast, 49, 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2019.10.001
  • Chen, T. (2025). The new patriarchal digitality? Understanding gendered power dynamics through a systematic review of FemTech apps in China. Gender, Technology and Development, 29(2), 263–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718524.2025.2503561 
  • Corbin, B. (2020). Digital micro-aggressions and discrimination: FemTech and the ‘othering’ of women. Nova Law Review, 44. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3630435 
  • De Proost, M. (2025). Mobile health technology, empowerment, and self-respect: A feminist analysis. International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics, 18(2), 294-315. https://doi.org/10.3138/ijfab-2024-0019 
  • Erickson, J., Yuzon, J.Y., & Bonaci, T. (2022). What you do not expect when you are expecting: Privacy analysis of FemTech. IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society, 3(2), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTS.2022.3160928 
  • Facca, D., Hall, J., Teachman, G., Redden, J., & Donelle, L. (2025). FemTech and the paradoxes of empowerment: A critical conceptual (re)view. Women’s Reproductive Health, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2025.2589202 
  • Figueroa, C.A., Sundqvist, J., Mathieu, S., et al. (2023). The opportunities and challenges of women’s digital health: A research agenda. Health Policy and Technology, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2023.100814
  • Freeman, K., Geppert, J., Stinton, C., Todkill, D., et al. (2021). Use of artificial intelligence for image analysis in breast cancer screening programmes: Systematic review of test accuracy. BMJ, 374(1872). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1872
  • Gibson, A.F., Drysdale, K., Botfield, J., Mooney-Somers, J., et al. (2022). Navigating trans visibilities, trauma and trust in a new cervical screening clinic. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 24(10), 1366–1379. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2021.1952307
  • Hajkova, A., & Doyle, T.A. (2024). Hacking the cycle: FemTech, internalized surveillance, and productivity. Philosophy & Technology, 37, 123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-024-00801-4 
  • Hendl, T., & Jansky, B. (2022). Tales of self-empowerment through digital health technologies: A closer look at ‘FemTech.’ Review of Social Economy, 80(1), 29–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/00346764.2021.2018027 
  • Jacobs, N., & Evers, J. (2023). Ethical perspectives on FemTech: Moving from concerns to capablity-sensitive designs. Bioethics, 37(5), 430-439. https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.13148 
  • Krishnamurti, T., Birru Talabi, M., Callegari, L.S., Kazmerski, T.M., & Borrero, S. (2022). A framework for FemTech: Guiding principles for developing digital reproductive health tools in the United States. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(4). https://doi.org/10.2196/36338  
  • Lotz, M. (2021). Public funding of uterus transplantation: Deepening the socio-moral critique. Bioethics, 35(7), 664–671. https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.12914
  • McMillan, C. (2022). Monitoring female fertility through ‘FemTech’: The need for a whole-system approach to regulation. Medical Law Review, 30(3), 410-433. https://doi.org/10.1093/medlaw/fwac006 
  • Mohan, S., & Jenkins, J. (2025). Flowing data: Women’s views and experiences on privacy and data security when using menstrual cycle tracking apps. Oxford Open Digital Health, 3. https://doi.org/10.1093/oodh/oqaf011 
  • Park, J.Y., Hsueth, S., et al. (2024, May 11). Critiquing menstrual pain technologies through the lens of feminist disability studies. CHI ’24: Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Article 102, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.36426  
  • Punzi, M.C., & Thuis, T. (2025). Mapping ethical concerns in algorithm-driven period and fertility tracking technologies. Contraception, 110837. https://www.contraceptionjournal.org/article/S0010-7824(25)00028-9/fulltext 
  • Riley, S., Evans, A., & Robson, M. (2025). Postfeminist healthism: Understanding the gendering of healthism using menstrual tracking apps as an example. Sociology of Health & Illness, 47(8). https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.70116   
  • Scatterday, A. (2022). This is no ovary-action: FemTech apps need stronger regulations to protect data and advance public health goals. North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology, 23(3), 636-668. https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncjolt/vol23/iss3/6 
  • Sergeant, A., Luigi-Bravo, G., Tam, G., & Gill, R. (2026). Safeguarding in FemTech: Protecting users of digital abortion tools in restrictive contexts. Contraception, 111397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2026.111397 
  • Sillence, E., Osborne, A.K., Kemp, E., & McKellar, K. (2025). Menopause apps: Personal health tracking, empowerment and epistemic injustice. Digital Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076251330782 
  • Tuli, A., Singh, S., Narula, R., et al. (2022, Apr. 29). Rethinking menstrual trackers towards period-positive ecologies. CHI ’22: Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Article 283, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.351766 
  • Tylstedt, B. (2026). ‘Good day for an ovulation test’: An autoethnographic exploration of the intimate frustrations of postdigital cycle-tracking. Postdigital Science & Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-025-00616-2 
  • Wilkinson, I., & Shipp, L. (2025). Queering FemTech: Understanding “queer use” in gendered technologies. IEEE Security & Privacy, 23(4), 60-70, https://doi.org/10.1109/MSEC.2025.3575607