ID: GLSHW-4.4.2 Reproduction (1816-2005) The citations here cover the history of women's reproductive health and childbearing, focusing especially on women's own experiences, and the history of birth control measures and the birth control movement. DES treatment and its menacing aftermath and involuntary sterilization are other topics covered. For specifically technological aspects of reproduction, see the section REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY. 1816 Acevedo, Zoila. "Abortion in Early America." WOMEN AND HEALTH 4 (1979): 159-167. 1817 Anderton, Douglas L., and Bean, Lee L. "Birth Spacing and Fertility Limitation: A Behavioral Analysis of a Nineteenth Century Frontier Population." DEMOGRAPHY 22 (1985): 169-183. 1818 Antler, Joyce, and Fox, Daniel M. "The Movement Toward a Safe Maternity: Physician Accountablility in New York City, 1915-1940." BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE 50, no.4 (Winter 1976): 569-595. Repr. in SICKNESS AND HEALTH IN AMERICA, pp.490-506. Ed. by Judith Walzer Leavitt & Ronald L. Numbers. 2nd ed. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985. 1819 Apfel, Roberta J., and Fisher, Susan M. TO DO NO HARM: DES AND THE DILEMMA OF MODERN MEDICINE. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984. 1820 Arms, Suzanne. IMMACULATE DECEPTION: A NEW LOOK AT WOMEN AND CHILDBIRTH IN AMERICA. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1975. 1821 Atkinson, Colin B., and Stoneman, William P. "`These Griping Greeffes and Pinching Pange': Attitudes to Childbirth in Thomas Bentley's THE MONUMENT OF MATRONES (1582)." SIXTEENTH CENTURY JOURNAL 21 (Summer 1990): 193-204. 1822 Backhouse, Constance B. "The Celebrated Abortion Trial of Dr. Emily Stower, Toronto, 1879." CANADIAN BULLETIN OF HISTORY/ BULLETIN CANADIEN D'HISTOIRE DE LA MEDECINE 8 (1991): 159-187. "...one of the first doctors to be tried for attempting to procure an abortion in nineteenth-century Canada..." 1823 Banks, Joseph Ambrose, and Banks, Olive. FEMINISM AND FAMILY PLANNING IN VICTORIAN ENGLAND. New York: Schocken Books, 1964. 1824 Barkai, Ron. "A Medieval Hebrew Treatise on Obstetrics." MEDICAL HISTORY 33 (January 1989): 96-119. 1825 Bean, Lee L., Mineau, Geraldine P., and Anderton, Douglas L. FERTILITY CHANGE ON THE AMERICAN FRONTIER: ADAPTATION AND INNOVATION. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. 1826 Bell, Susan E. "A New Model of Medical Technology Development: A Case Study of DES." RESEARCH IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH CARE 4 (1986): 1-32. 1827 Bichler, Joyce. DES DAUGHTERS: THE JOYCE BICHLER STORY. New York: Avon, 1981. 1828 Biller, Peter A. "Birth-Control in the West in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries." PAST & PRESENT no.94 (February 1982): 3-26. 1829 Biller, Peter A. "Childbirth in the Middle Ages." HISTORY TODAY 36 (August 1986): 42-49. 1830 Bishop, Mary F. "The Early Birth Controllers of B.C." B.C. STUDIES 61 (Spring 1984): 64-84. British Columbia. 1831 Blumenfeld-Kosinski, Renate. NOT OF WOMAN BORN: REPRESENTATION OF CAESAREAN BIRTH IN MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE CULTURE. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1990. 1832 Bock, Gisela. "Racism and Sexism in Nazi Germany: Motherhood, Compulsory Sterilization, and the State." SIGNS 8 (Spring 1983): 400-421. 1833 Bogdan, Janet C. "Care or Cure? Childbirth Practices in 19th-Century America." FEMINIST STUDIES 4 (1978): 92-99. 1834 Bogdan, Janet C. "Childbirth in America, 1650-1990." In WOMEN, HEALTH, AND MEDICINE IN AMERICA: A HISTORICAL HANDBOOK, ed. by Rima D. Apple, pp.101-120. New York: Garland, 1990. 1835 Bogdan, Janet C. "Losing Birth: The Erosion of Women's Control Over and Knowledge About Birth, 1650-1900." In CHANGING EDUCATION: WOMEN AS RADICAL AND CONSERVATORS, ed. by Joyce Antler and Sari Knopp Biklen, pp.83-101. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1990. 1836 Borell, Merriley. "Biologists and the Promotion of Birth Control Research, 1918-1938." JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF BIOLOGY 20, no.1 (Spring 1987): 51-87. 1837 Borst, Charlotte G. "The Professionalization of Obstetrics: Childbirth Becomes A Medical Specialty." In WOMEN, HEALTH, AND MEDICINE IN AMERICA: A HISTORICAL HANDBOOK, ed. by Rima D. Apple, pp.197-216. New York: Garland, 1990. 1838 Brookes, Barbara. ABORTION IN ENGLAND, 1900-1967. New York: Croom Helm, 1988. 1839 Cates, Willard, Jr. "Abortion Attitudes of Black Women." WOMEN AND HEALTH 2, no.3 (November-December 1979): 3-9. 1840 Chandrasekhar, S. "A DIRTY, FILTHY BOOK": THE WRITINGS OF CHARLES KNOWLTON AND ANNIE BESANT ON REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY AND BIRTH CONTROL AND AN ACCOUNT OF THE BRADLAUGH-BESANT TRIAL. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981. Includes the Bradlaugh-Besant edition of Knowlton's FRUITS OF PHILOSOPHY, two of Besant's pamphlets on birth control, introductory essay, bibliography. 1841 (deleted) 1842 Clarke, Adele E. "Controversy and the Development of Reproductive Sciences." SOCIAL PROBLEMS 37 (February 1990): 18-37. 1843 Cosslett, Tess. "Grantly Dick Read and Sheila Kitzinger: Towards a Women-Centered Story of Childbirth." JOURNAL OF GENDER STUDIES 1 (1991): 29-43. Analyzes Read's NATURAL CHILDBIRTH (1933) and Kitzinger's THE EXPERIENCE OF CHILDBIRTH (1962). 1844 Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association. "Induced Termination of Pregnancy Before and After Roe v. Wade: Trends in Mortality and Morbidity of Women." JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 268 (1992): 3231-3239. 1845 Crawford, Patricia. "The Construction and Experience of Maternity in Seventeenth-Century England." In WOMEN AS MOTHERS IN PRE-INDUSTRIAL ENGLAND: ESSAYS IN MEMORY OF DOROTHY McLAREN, ed. Valerie Fildes, pp.3-38. New York: Routledge, 1990. 1846 Cvornyek, Robert L., and Cvornyek, Dorothy L. "`I Know Something Awful Is Going to Happen': Abortion in Early Twentieth Century Alabama." SOUTHERN STUDIES 24 (Summer 1985): 229-232. 1847 Davey, Claire. "Birth Control in Britain During the Interwar Years: Evidence from the Stopes Correspondence." JOURNAL OF FAMILY HISTORY 13, no.3 (July 1988): 329-346. 1848 Davis, Nanette J. FROM CRIME TO CHOICE: THE TRANSFORMATION OF ABORTION IN AMERICA. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1985. 1849 Dayton, Cornelia Hughes. "Taking the Trade: Abortion and Gender Relations in an Eighteenth-Century New England Village." WILLIAM AND MARY QUARTERLY 48 (January 1991): 19-49. 1850 Delacy, Margaret. "Puerperal Fever in Eighteenth-Century Britain." BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE 63 (Winter 1989): 521-556. 1851 DelCastillo, Adelaida R. "Sterilization: An Overview." In MEXICAN WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES: STRUGGLES PAST AND PRESENT, ed. by Magdalena Mora and Adelaide R. DelCastillo. Los Angeles: UCLA Chicano Studies Resources Center, 1980. 1852 Devitt, Neal. "The Transition From Home to Hospital Birth in the United States, 1930-1960." BIRTH AND FAMILY JOURNAL 1, no.4 (Summer 1977): 45-58. 1853 Djerassi, Carl. THE POLITICS OF CONTRACEPTION. New York: Norton, 1979. 1854 Dobbie, B.M. Willmott. "An Attempt to Estimate the True Rate of Maternal Mortality, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries." MEDICAL HISTORY 26 (January 1982): 79-89. 1855 Dodd, Dianne. "Women's Involvement in the Canadian Birth Control Movement of the 1930s: The Hamilton Clinic." In DELIVERING MOTHERHOOD: MATERNAL IDEOLOGIES AND PRACTICES IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES, ed. by Katherine Arnup, Andree Levesque, and Ruth Roach Pierson, pp.150-172. New York: Routledge, 1990. 1856 Drucker, Dan. ABORTION DECISIONS OF THE SUPREME COURT, 1973 THROUGH 1989: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW WITH HISTORICAL COMMENTARY. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1990. 1857 Dundes, Lauren. "The Evolution of Maternal Birthing Position." AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 77 (May 1987): 636-641. 1858 Dutton, Diana B. "DES and the Elusive Goal of Drug Safety." In WORSE THAN THE DISEASE: PITFALLS OF MEDICAL PROGRESS, pp.31-90. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 1859 Dye, Nancy Schrom. "History of Childbirth in America." SIGNS 6, no.1 (Autumn 1980): 97-108. Review essay. 1860 Dye, Nancy Schrom. "Modern Obstetrics and Working-Class Women: The New York Midwifery Dispensary, 1890-1920." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL HISTORY 20 (Spring 1987): 549-564. 1861 Eagan, Andrea Boroff. "200 Years of Childbirth." PARENTS 60 (December 1985): 174+. 1862 Edwards, Margot, and Waldorf, Mary. RECLAIMING BIRTH: HISTORY AND HEROINES OF AMERICAN CHILDBIRTH REFORM. Freedom, CA: Crossing Press, 1984. 1863 Fenichell, Stephen, and Charfoos, Lawrence S. DAUGHTERS AT RISK: A PERSONAL D.E.S. HISTORY. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1981. 1864 Fildes, Valerie, ed. WOMEN AS MOTHERS IN PRE-INDUSTRIAL ENGLAND: ESSAYS IN MEMORY OF DOROTHY MCLAREN. New York: Routledge, 1990. 1865 Fitzpatrick, Ellen F. "Childbirth and an Unwed Mother in Seventeenth- Century New England." SIGNS 8 (1983): 744-749. Commentary on and text of a seventeenth-century document. 1866 Fox, Enid. "Powers of Life and Death: Aspects of Maternal Welfare in England and Wales Between the Wars." MEDICAL HISTORY 35 (1991): 328-352. 1867 Frankel, Barbara. CHILDBIRTH IN THE GHETTO: FOLK BELIEFS OF NEGRO WOMEN IN A NORTH PHILADELPHIA HOSPITAL WARD. San Francisco: R & E Research Associates, 1977. 1868 French, Valerie. "Midwives and Maternity Care in the Greco-Roman World." HELIOS 13, no.2 (Fall 1986): 69-84. In special issue, "Rescuing Creusa: New Methodological Approaches to Women in Antiquity." 1869 Fried, Marlene Gerber, ed. FROM ABORTION TO REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM: TRANSFORMING A MOVEMENT. Boston: South End Press, 1990. 1870 Fuchs, Rachel G. POOR AND PREGNANT IN PARIS: STRATEGIES FOR SURVIVAL IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992. 1871 Fuchs, Rachel G., and Knepper, Paul E. "Women in the Paris Maternity Hospital: Public Policy in the Nineteenth Century." SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY 13, no.2 (1989): 187-209. 1872 Furth, Charlotte. "Concepts of Pregnancy, Childbirth and Infancy in Ch'ing Dynasty China." JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES 46 (February 1987): 7-37. 1873 Gelis, Jacques. HISTORY OF CHILDBIRTH: FERTILITY, PREGNANCY, AND BIRTH IN EARLY MODERN EUROPE. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press, 1991. 1874 Gillam, Richard, and Bernstein, Barton J. "Doing Harm: The DES Tragedy and Modern American Medicine." PUBLIC HISTORIAN 9 (1987): 57-82. 1875 Gordon, Linda. "The Long Struggle for Reproductive Rights." RADICAL AMERICA 15, nos.1/2 (1981): 75-88. 1876 Gordon, Linda. "The Politics of Birth Control, 1920-1940: The Impact of Professionals." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES 5, no.2 (1975): 253-277. 1877 Gordon, Linda. "Voluntary Motherhood: The Beginnings of Feminist Birth Control Ideas in the United States." FEMINIST STUDIES 1, no.3/4 (Winter/Spring 1973): 5-22. Repr. in WOMEN AND HEALTH IN AMERICA: HISTORICAL READINGS, pp.104-116. Ed. by Judith Walzer Leavitt. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984. Also repr. in CLIO'S CONSCIOUSNESS RAISED: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON THE HISTORY OF WOMEN, pp.54-71. Ed. by Mary S. Hartman and Lois Banner. New York: Harper & Row, 1974. 1878 Gordon, Linda. "Who is Frightened of Reproductive Freedom for Women and Why? Some Historical Answers." FRONTIERS: A JOURNAL OF WOMEN'S STUDIES 9, no.1 (1986): 23-26. 1879 Gordon, Linda. "Why Nineteenth-Century Feminists Did Not Support `Birth Control' and Twentieth-Century Feminists Do." In RETHINKING THE FAMILY, ed. by Barrie Thorne with Marilyn Yalom, pp.40-53. New York: Longman, 1982. 1880 Gordon, Linda. WOMAN'S BODY, WOMAN'S RIGHT: A SOCIAL HISTORY OF BIRTH CONTROL IN AMERICA. New York: Grossman, 1976; New York: Penguin, 1990. Rev. and updated ed. 1881 Green, Dorothy, and Murdock, Mary-Elizabeth, eds. THE MARGARET SANGER CENTENNIAL CONFERENCE, NOVEMBER 13 & 14, 1979. Northampton, MA: The Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College, 1982. Includes transcripts of presentations and discussions by Linda Gordon, James Reed, and Elizabeth Fee, plus summaries of other panels, on "the relationship between the history of the birth control movement and the issues surrounding the controversies concerning contemporary reproductive rights," with special attention paid to the role of Margaret Sanger. 1882 Green, Shirley. THE CURIOUS HISTORY OF CONTRACEPTION. London: Ebury Press, 1971. 1883 Greep, Roy O., and Koblinsky, Marjorie A. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY CONTROL. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1977. Thirty-nine essays, plus eighteen historical summary charts. 1884 Greep, Roy O., Koblinsky, Marjorie A., and Jaffee, Frederick S. REPRODUCTION AND HUMAN WELFARE: A CHALLENGE TO RESEARCH: A REVIEW OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES AND CONTRACEPTIVE DEVELOPMENT. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1976. 1885 Harding, Wendy. "Medieval Women's Unwritten Discourse in Motherhood: A Reading of Two Fifteenth-Century Texts." WOMEN'S STUDIES 21, no.2 (1992): 197-209. 1886 Harper, John Paull. "Be Fruitful and Multiply: Origins of Legal Restrictions on Planned Parenthood in Nineteenth-Century America." In WOMEN IN AMERICA: A HISTORY, ed. Carol R. Berkin and Mary Beth Norton, pp.245-269. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979. 1887 Henderson, Andrea. "Doll Machines and Butcher-Shop Meat: Models of Childbirth in the Early Stages of Industrial Capitalism." GENDERS 12 (1991): 100-119. 1888 Hiddinga, Anja. "Obstetrical Research in the Netherlands in the Nineteenth Century." MEDICAL HISTORY 31 (July 1987): 281-305. 1889 Himes, Norman. MEDICAL HISTORY OF CONTRACEPTION. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins, 1936; repr. New York: Schocken Books, 1970. 1890 Hoffert, Sylvia D. PRIVATE MATTERS: AMERICAN ATTITUDES TOWARD CHILDBEARING AND INFANT NURTURE IN THE URBAN NORTH, 1800-1860. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1988. 1891 Holmes, Helen B., Hoskins, Betty B., and Gross, Michael, eds. BIRTH CONTROL AND CONTROLLING BIRTH: WOMEN-CENTERED PERSPECTIVES. Clifton, NJ: Humana, 1980. 1892 Jarrell, R.H. "Native American Women and Forced Sterilization, 1973-1976." CADUCEUS 8, no.3 (Winter 1992): 45-58. 1893 Joffe, Carole. "Portraits of Three `Physicians of Conscience': Abortion Before Legalization in the United States." AMERICAN SEXUAL POLITICS: SEX, GENDER, AND RACE SINCE THE CIVIL WAR, ed. by John C. Fout & Maura Shaw Tantillo. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993. 1894 Jordan, Brigitte. BIRTH IN FOUR CULTURES. Montreal: Eden Press, 1978. Covers the American hospital, Dutch and Swedish midwifery, Mayan midwifery, and home births in Mexico. 1895 Katz, Esther. "The History of Birth Control in the United States." In HISTORY OF MEDICINE, ed. Rebecca Greene. New York: Haworth Press, 1988. Also published as TRENDS IN HISTORY 4, no.2-3 (1988): 81-101. 1896 Keown, John. ABORTION, DOCTORS AND THE LAW: SOME ASPECTS OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF ABORTION IN ENGLAND FROM 1863-1982. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 1897 Kevles, Daniel J. IN THE NAME OF EUGENICS: GENETICS AND THE USES OF HUMAN HEREDITY. New York: Knopf, 1985. 1898 King, Charles R. "The New York Maternal Mortality Study: A Conflict of Professionalization." BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE 65 (1991): 476-502. 1899 King, Charles R. "The Woman's Experience of Childbirth on the Western Frontier." JOURNAL OF THE WEST 29, no.1 (1990): 76-84. Frontier women created their own support systems for pregnancy and childbirth. 1900 Laderman, Carol C. WIVES AND MIDWIVES: CHILDBIRTH AND NUTRITION IN RURAL MALAYSIA. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. Ethnographic and ecological perspectives; blood and dietary analyses; how ecology and beliefs affect childbirth. 1901 Larson, Edward J. "Belated Progress: The Enactment of Eugenic Legislation in Georgia." JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND ALLIED SCIENCES 46 (1991): 44-64. 1902 Leavitt, Judith Walzer. "Birthing and Anesthesia: The Debate over Twilight Sleep." SIGNS 6, no.1 (Autumn 1980): 147-164. Repr. in WOMEN AND HEALTH IN AMERICA: HISTORICAL READINGS, pp.175-184. Ed. by Judith Walzer Leavitt. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984. 1903 Leavitt, Judith Walzer. BROUGHT TO BED: CHILDBEARING IN AMERICA, 1750-1950. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. 1904 Leavitt, Judith Walzer. "The Growth of Medical Authority: Technology and Morals in Turn-of-the-Century Obstetrics." MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY 1, no.3 (1987): 230-255. 1905 Leavitt, Judith Walzer. "The Medicalization of Childbirth in the Twentieth Century." TRANSACTIONS AND STUDIES OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF PHILADELPHIA Series 5, 11 (1989): 299-319. 1906 Leavitt, Judith Walzer. "`Science' Enters the Birthing Room: Obstetrics in America Since the Eighteenth Century." JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY 70, no.2 (September 1983): 281-304. Repr. in SICKNESS AND HEALTH IN AMERICA: READINGS IN THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH, pp.81-97. Ed. by Judith Walzer Leavitt & Ronald L. Numbers. 2nd ed. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985. 1907 Leavitt, Judith Walzer. "Under the Shadow of Maternity: American Women's Responses to Death and Debility Fears in Nineteenth-Century Childbirth." FEMINIST STUDIES 12 (Spring 1986): 129-154. 1908 Levesque, Andree. "Deviants Anonymous: Single Mothers at the H pital de la Misericorde in Montreal, 1929-1939." In DELIVERING MOTHERHOOD: MATERNAL IDEOLOGIES AND PRACTICES IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES, ed. by Katherine Arnup, Andree Levesque, and Ruth Roach Pierson, pp.108-125. New York: Routledge, 1990. 1909 Lewis, Jan, and Lockridge, Kenneth A. "`Sally Has Been Sick': Pregnancy and Family Limitation Among Virginia Gentry Women, 1780-1830." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL HISTORY 22 (Fall 1988): 5-20. 1910 Lewis, Jane. "The Ideology and Politics of Birth Control in Inter-war England." WOMEN'S STUDIES 2, no.1 (1979): 33-48. 1911 Lewis, Judith Schneid. IN THE FAMILY WAY: CHILDBEARING IN THE BRITISH ARISTOCRACY, 1760-1860. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1986. 1912 Lockwood, Rose Ann. "Birth, Illness, and Death in 18th-Century New England." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL HISTORY 12 (Fall 1978): 111-128. 1913 Logue, Barbara J. "The Case for Birth Control Before 1850: Nantucket Reexamined." JOURNAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY HISTORY 15 (Winter 1985): 371-391. 1914 MacPike, Loralee. "The New Woman, Childbearing, and the Reconstruction of Gender, 1880-1900." NWSA JOURNAL 1 (Spring 1989): 368-397. 1915 Marshall, R.K. "17th Century Midwifery: The Treatment of Miscarriage." NURSING MIRROR 155, no.24 (December 15, 1982): 31-36. 1916 Martin, Emily. THE WOMAN IN THE BODY: A CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF REPRODUCTION. Boston: Beacon, 1987. See section two, "Science as a Cultural System." Martin, an anthropologist, compares medical metaphors for menstruation, childbirth, and menopause to women's own description of these events. 1917 Mathews, Joan J., and Zadak, Kathleen. "The Alternative Birth Movement in the United States: History and Current Status." WOMEN & HEALTH 17 (1991): 39-57. 1918 Mathews, Joan J., and Zadak, Kathleen. "The Alternative Birth Movement in the United States: History and Current Status." WOMEN & HEALTH 17, no.1 (1991): 39-56. 1919 McFalls, Joseph A., and Masnick, George S. "Birth Control and the Fertility of the U.S. Black Population, 1880 to 1980." JOURNAL OF FAMILY HISTORY 6 (1981): 89-106. 1920 McGregor, Deborah Kuhn. "`Childbirth-Travells' and `Spiritual Estates': Anne Hutchinson and Colonial Boston, 1634-1638." CADUCEUS 5, no.4 (1989): 1-33. 1921 McIntosh, Karyl. "Folk Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Pediatrics in Utica, New York." NEW YORK FOLKLORE 4 (1978): 49-59. 1922 McLaren, Angus, and McLaren, Arlene Tigar. THE BEDROOM AND THE STATE: THE CHANGING PRACTICES AND POLITICS OF CONTRACEPTION AND ABORTION IN CANADA, 1880-1980. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1986. 1923 McLaren, Angus. BIRTH CONTROL IN NINETEENTH CENTURY ENGLAND: A SOCIAL AND INTELLECTUAL HISTORY. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1978. 1924 McLaren, Angus, and McLaren, Arlene Tigar. "Discoveries and Dissimulations: The Impact of Abortion Deaths on Maternal Mortality in British Columbia." In DELIVERING MOTHERHOOD: MATERNAL IDEOLOGIES AND PRACTICES IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES, ed. by Katherine Arnup, Andree Levesque, and Ruth Roach Pierson, pp.126-149. New York: Routledge, 1990. 1925 McLaren, Angus. A HISTORY OF CONTRACEPTION: FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE PRESENT DAY. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1990. 1926 McLaren, Angus. "`Keep Your Seats and Face Facts': Western Canadian Women's Discussion of Birth Control in the 1920s." CANADIAN BULLETIN OF MEDICAL HISTORY/ BULLETIN CANADIEN D'HISTOIRE DE LA MEDECINE 8 (1991): 189-201. 1927 McLaren, Angus. SEXUALITY AND SOCIAL ORDER: THE DEBATE OVER THE FERTILITY OF WOMEN AND WORKERS IN FRANCE, 1770-1920. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1983. 1928 McMillen, Sally G. MOTHERHOOD IN THE OLD SOUTH: PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH, AND INFANT REARING. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1990. 1929 Melcher, Mary. "Women's Matters: Birth Control, Prenatal Care, and Childbirth in Rural Montana, 1910-1940." MONTANA, THE MAGAZINE OF WESTERN HISTORY 41, no.2 (Spring 1991): 47-56. 1930 Miller, Lawrence G. "Pain, Parturition, and the Profession: Twilight Sleep in America." In HEALTH CARE IN AMERICA: ESSAYS IN SOCIAL HISTORY, ed. by Susan Reverby & David Rosner, pp.19-44. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1979. 1931 Milligan, B. Carol. "Nursing Care and Beliefs of Expectant Navajo Women (Part 1)." AMERICAN INDIAN QUARTERLY 8, no.2 (1984): 83-101. 1932 Mitford, Jessica. THE AMERICAN WAY OF BIRTH. New York: Dutton/William Abrams, 1992. 1933 Mohr, James C. ABORTION IN AMERICA: THE ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF NATIONAL POLICY, 1800-1900. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978. 1934 Mohr, James C. "Patterns of Abortion and the Response of American Physicians, 1790-1930." In WOMEN AND HEALTH IN AMERICA: HISTORICAL READINGS, ed. by Judith Walzer Leavitt, pp.117-123. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984. 1935 Morton, Marian J. AND SIN NO MORE: SOCIAL POLICY AND UNWED MOTHERS IN CLEVELAND, 1855-1990. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1993. 1936 Murphy, John M. "`To Create a Race of Thoroughbreds': Margaret Sanger and `The Birth Control Review.'" WOMEN'S STUDIES IN COMMUNICATION 13 (1990): 23-45. 1937 Murphy-Lawless, Jo. "The Silencing of Women in Childbirth or Let's Hear It From Bartholomew and the Boys." WOMEN'S STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM 11, no.4 (1988): 293-298. 1938 Nelson, Margaret K. "Working-Class Women, Middle-Class Women, and Models of Childbirth." SOCIAL PROBLEMS 30 (1983): 284-297. 1939 Neuman, R. "Working Class Birth Control in Wilhelmine Germany." COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN SOCIETY AND HISTORY 20 (1978): 408-428. 1940 Nicoll, Christine E., and Weisbord, Robert G. "The Early Years of the Rhode Island Birth Control League." RHODE ISLAND HISTORY 45 (November 1986): 111-125. 1941 Oakley, Ann. THE CAPTURED WOMB: A HISTORY OF THE MEDICAL CARE OF PREGNANT WOMEN. New York: B. Blackwell, 1984. 1942 Oppenheimer, Jo. "Childbirth in Ontario: The Transition from Home to Hospital in the Early Twentieth Century." In DELIVERING MOTHERHOOD: MATERNAL IDEOLOGIES AND PRACTICES IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES, ed. by Katherine Arnup, Andree Levesque, and Ruth Roach Pierson, pp.51-74. New York: Routledge, 1990. 1943 Pereira-Pennisi, D. "Childbirth as Depicted in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Fiction in Britain." HISTORY OF NURSING BULLETIN 2, no.1 (1988): 8-16. 1944 Petchesky, Rosalind. "Antiabortion, Antifeminism, and the Rise of the New Right." FEMINIST STUDIES 7 (1981): 206-246. 1945 Poirier, Suzanne. "Women's Reproductive Health." In WOMEN, HEALTH, AND MEDICINE IN AMERICA: A HISTORICAL HANDBOOK, ed. by Rima D. Apple, pp.217-245. New York: Garland, 1990. 1946 Pollock, Linda A. "Embarking on a Rough Passage: The Experience of Pregnancy in Early-Modern Society." In WOMEN AS MOTHERS IN PRE-INDUSTRIAL ENGLAND: ESSAYS IN MEMORY OF DOROTHY MCLAREN, ed. Valerie Fildes, pp.39-67. New York: Routledge, 1990. 1947 Porges, Robert F. "The Response of the New York Obstetrical Society to the Report by the New York Academy of Medicine on Maternal Mortality, 1933-1934." AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 152 (July 15, 1985): 642-649. 1948 Potts, Malcolm, Diggory, Peter, and Peel, John. ABORTION. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1977. Covers historical, sociological, clinical, demographic, and ethical aspects. 1949 Potts, Malcolm, and Wood, Clive, eds. NEW CONCEPTS IN CONTRACEPTION: A GUIDE TO DEVELOPMENTS IN FAMILY PLANNING. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press, 1972. Models for progress: United Kingdom, 1919-1959, and People's Republic of China, 1957-1971, etc. 1950 Powers, Marla N. "Menstruation and Reproduction: An Oglala Case." SIGNS 6 (1980): 54-65. 1951 Quiroga, Virginia A. Metaxas. POOR MOTHERS AND BABIES: A SOCIAL HISTORY OF CHILDBIRTH AND CHILD CARE INSTITUTIONS IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY NEW YORK CITY. New York: Garland, 1989. 1952 Radcliffe, Walter. MILESTONES IN MIDWIFERY. Bristol, England: Wright, 1967. 1953 Ramirez de Arellano, Annette B., and Seipp, Conrad. COLONIALISM, CATHOLICISM, AND CONTRACEPTION: A HISTORY OF BIRTH CONTROL IN PUERTO RICO. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1983. 1954 Ramusack, Barbara N. "Embattled Advocates: The Debate over Birth Control in India, 1920-1940." JOURNAL OF WOMEN'S HISTORY 1 (Fall 1989): 34-64. 1955 Ray, Joyce M. "American Physicians and Birth Control, 1936-1947." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL HISTORY 18 (Spring 1985): 399-411. 1956 Reagan, Leslie J. "`About to Meet Her Maker': Women, Doctors, Dying Declarations, and the State's Investigation of Abortion, Chicago, 1867-1940." JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY 77 (March 1991): 1240-1264. 1957 Reed, James. THE BIRTH CONTROL MOVEMENT AND AMERICAN SOCIETY: FROM PRIVATE VICE TO PUBLIC VIRTUE. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983. 1958 Reed, James. "Doctors, Birth Control, and Social Values, 1830-1970." In THERAPEUTIC REVOLUTION: ESSAYS IN THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF HUMAN MEDICINE, ed. by Morris J. Vogel & Charles E. Rosenberg, pp.109-134. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1979. Repr. in WOMAN AND HEALTH IN AMERICA: HISTORICAL READINGS, pp.124-139. Ed. by Judith Walzer Leavitt. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984. 1959 Reed, James. FROM PRIVATE VICE TO PUBLIC VIRTUE: THE BIRTH CONTROL MOVEMENT AND AMERICAN SOCIETY SINCE 1830. New York: Basic Books, 1978. Repr. as THE BIRTH CONTROL MOVEMENT IN AMERICAN SOCIETY. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983. 1960 Reed, James. "Public Policy on Human Reproduction and the Historian." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL HISTORY 18 (Spring 1985): 383-398. 1961 Reilly, Philip R. "Involuntary Sterilization in the United States: A Surgical Solution." QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 62 (1987): 153-170. 1962 Reilly, Philip R. THE SURGICAL SOLUTION: A HISTORY OF INVOLUNTARY STERILIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. 1963 Reynolds, Sian. "Who Wanted the Cr ches? Working Mothers and the Birth-rate in France, 1900-1950." CONTINUITY AND CHANGE: A JOURNAL OF SOCIAL STRUCTURE, LAW, AND DEMOGRAPHY IN PAST SOCIETIES 5 (1990). In the special issue: LAW AND SOCIAL POLICY: RESPONSES TO FERTILITY DECLINE IN EUROPE, 1900-1950. 1964 Riddle, John M. CONTRACEPTION AND ABORTION FROM THE ANCIENT WORLD TO THE RENAISSANCE. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992. 1965 Riddle, John M. "Oral Contraceptives and Early-Term Abortifacients During Classical Antiquity and the Middle Ages." PAST & PRESENT 132 (August 1991): 3-32. 1966 Robertson, William H. AN ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF CONTRACEPTION: A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE QUEST FOR FERTILITY CONTROL. Carnforth, England: Parthenon, 1990. 1967 Rodrique, Jessie M. "The Black Community and the Birth Control Movement." In PASSION AND POWER: SEXUALITY IN HISTORY, ed. Kathy Peiss and Christina Simmons. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1989. 1968 Rose, June. MARIE STOPES AND THE SEXUAL REVOLUTION. Boston, MA: Faber and Faber, 1992. 1969 Ross, Loretta J. "African-American Women and Abortion: A Neglected History." JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE FOR THE POOR AND UNDERSERVED 3 (1992): 274-284. 1970 Rothman, Barbara Katz. IN LABOR: WOMEN AND POWER IN THE BIRTHPLACE. New York: Norton, 1982. 1984 Penguin ed. published as GIVING BIRTH: ALTERNATIVES IN CHILDBIRTH. 1971 Sakokwenonkas. "Pregnancies and the Mohawk Tradition." CANADIAN WOMAN STUDIES/ LES CAHIERS DE LA FEMME 10, nos.2/3 (Summer/Fall 1989): 115-116. 1972 Sandelowski, Margarete. "Failures of Volition: Female Agency and Infertility in Historical Perspectives." SIGNS 15 (Spring 1990): 475-499. 1973 Sandelowski, Margarete. PAIN, PLEASURE AND AMERICAN CHILDBIRTH: FROM THE TWILIGHT SLEEP TO THE READ METHOD, 1914-1960. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1984. 1974 Sauer, R. "Attitudes Toward Abortion in America, 1800-1973." POPULATION STUDIES 28, no.1 (March 1974): 53-67. 1975 Savage, Wendy. "The Management of Obstetric Pain." In THE HISTORY OF THE MANAGEMENT OF PAIN, FROM EARLY PRINCIPLES TO PRESENT PRACTICE, ed. Ronald D. Mann. Carnforth, England: Parthenon, 1988. 1976 Scholten, Catherine M. "`On the Importance of the Obstetric Art': Changing Customs of Childbirth in America, 1760-1825." WILLIAM AND MARY QUARTERLY 34 (1977): 426-445. Repr. in WOMEN AND HEALTH IN AMERICA: HISTORICAL READINGS, pp.142-154. Ed. by Judith Walzer Leavitt. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984. 1977 Scholten, Catherine M. CHILDBEARING IN AMERICAN SOCIETY, 1650-1850. New York: New York University Press, 1985. 1978 Seaman, Barbara, and Seaman, Gideon. WOMEN AND THE CRISIS IN SEX HORMONES. New York: Rawson Associates, 1977. Effects of hormone therapy; history and economics; marketing; lack of research on male contraceptives. 1979 Seligman, Stanley A. "The Lesser Pestilence: Non-Epidemic Puerperal Fever." MEDICAL HISTORY 35 (1991): 89-102. 1980 Shearer, Madeline H. "Maternity Patients' Movements in the United States 1820-1985." In EFFECTIVE CARE IN PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH, ed. Iain Calmers, et al., pp.110-130. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. 1981 Silberman, Sara Lee. "Pioneering in Family-Centered Maternity and Infant Care: Edith B. Jackson and the Yale Rooming-In Research Project." BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE 64 (Summer 1990): 262-287. 1982 Smith-Rosenberg, Carroll. "The Abortion Movement and the AMA, 1850-1880." In DISORDERLY CONDUCT: VISIONS OF GENDER IN VICTORIAN AMERICA, pp.217-244. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. 1983 Soloway, Richard A. DEMOGRAPHY AND DEGENERATION: EUGENICS AND THE DECLINING BIRTHRATE IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY BRITAIN. North Carolina, 1990. 1984 Spensky, Martine. "Producers of Legitimacy: Homes for Unmarried Mothers in the 1950s." In REGULATING WOMANHOOD: HISTORICAL ESSAYS ON MARRIAGE, MOTHERHOOD AND SEXUALITY, ed. by Carol Smart, pp.100-118. New York: Routledge, 1992. 1985 Stowe, Steven M. "Obstetrics and the Work of Doctoring in the Mid- Nineteenth-Century American South." BULLETIN OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE 64 (Winter 1990): 540-566. 1986 Strong-Boag, Veronica, and McPherson, Kathryn. "The Confinement of Women: Childbirth and Hospitalization in Vancouver, 1919-1939." In DELIVERING MOTHERHOOD: MATERNAL IDEOLOGIES AND PRACTICES IN THE 19TH AND 20TH C
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Format converted September 10, 1999.